The World Health Organization (WHO) refers to health as the status of having absolute contentment for physical, mental and social wellbeing. Therefore, being healthy is one of the most crucial factors for which human beings seek to have complete happiness in their lifespan. However, having good health and preserving it, in the long run, does not only depend on a continuous personal effort (i.e. a healthy diet, regular exercise, avoiding consumption of alcohol or smoking, regular check-ups) but also receiving an effective healthcare delivery provided by public or private bodies in the healthcare system. The effectiveness of health care services or policy interventions should be evaluated in a way that provides information to identify how health outcomes and the healthcare system are affected by such implications. Nowadays, not only citizens but also policymakers have become more aware of how important health is and as a result, they have become keen on seeking information about the ex-post evaluation of such health system implications along with a wide range of health outcomes. This book arises from the idea of gathering researchers working in the fields of Health Economics and Health Econometrics, which are two important disciplines providing methods to evaluate the efficiency and the effectiveness of healthcare policies and to assess the causal relation between such implications and health outcomes in a healthcare system. Therefore, the book aims to provide an insight to researchers concerning econometric and applied economic methodologies that are employed to assess health care. The book consists of ten chapters. The first nine chapters were written by academicians who work in the areas of Economics and Econometrics. The last chapter is a special chapter allocated to “Young Researchers” who study Econometrics with a master (MSc) and doctoral (PhD) degree to support and encourage their studies. The first chapter of the book investigates whether the utilization of healthcare services in Turkey is equitably using Models of Count Data. The chapter employs the 2014 Turkey Health Survey micro data set. The second chapter investigates the link between suicidal behaviors among women who have been exposed to domestic violence in the forms of only physical, only sexual, or both physical and sexual violence and suicidal behaviors via the Turkish Domestic Violence Survey 2008 and 2014. The chapter employs Multivariate Logit Model for the analysis. As non-communicable diseases (NCD) have been increasing overtime, the third chapter aims to monetarily value potential years of life lost due to NCD diseases for Turkey via the Human Capital Approach. The book further allocates a chapter to the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector. The sixth chapter of the book uses a Topic VIEconometrics and Applied Economic Analyses in the Context of Health V Modeling Based Bibliometric Analysis of the studies in the field of tourism and hospitality during the pandemic process. The fifth chapter in our book is allocated to understand the impact of obesity on economic growth using annual data of selected 20 transition economies in the concept of a panel ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) procedure. Similar to the fifth chapter, the sixth chapter examines the impact of health shocks on early retirement behaviors by using Discrete-Time Duration Models by employing the first 18 waves (1991-2009) of the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) within a panel data framework. The seventh chapter aims to comparatively analyze the factors affecting the fertility of married women between the ages of 15-49 with a Robust Poisson Regression Model, which uses the data of 2018 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) Turkey and Syrian immigrant samples. Moreover, likewise the seventh chapter, the eight chapter uses nationally representative Health Survey Micro Data Set 2012 derived by TurkStat and examines the effects of mobbing on healthcare outcomes. This chapter focuses on the effects of mobbing on health both psychically and psychologically in Turkey. A Bivariate Probit Model is employed fort the analysis. The ninth chapter investigates the determinants of infant low birth weight using Quantile Regressions and employs 2018 micro data of the Turkish population and health survey. Finally, the Young Researchers chapter aims to measure the impact of the economic and financial uncertainty on Borsa Istanbul caused by the global turmoil with the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic leading to extreme price drops and volatility in financial markets via the ARDL Bound Test Approach. Overall, the book gathers selected studies addressing both quantitative economic and econometric applications within the scope of health and each chapter has been evaluated through a double-blind peer review. Our aim is to provide a resource for graduate and post-graduate students, researchers and academics of econometrics, economics and related social sciences.