Neurological diseases directly affect human life and change the living conditions of many people. Diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), epilepsy, brain tumors, stroke (paralysis), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease, and TaySachs disease are classified as neurological. These diseases affect most of humanity and even cause deaths. The diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases is very important. Even if there is no definitive treatment for some diseases, the search for treatment continues with new studies. This book includes definitions of these diseases, current treatment methods, and recent scientific applications by expert scientists in the field. It is foreseen that this book, which examines these diseases, especially in terms of biochemistry, will be useful for many scientists and sectors in these fields.